Concrete is durable, but it is not maintenance-free. Water, freeze-thaw cycles, deicing salts, and tree roots all take a toll. A little maintenance can extend the life of a driveway or patio.
Cracks: cosmetic or structural?
Hairline cracks are common and often cosmetic. Wider cracks, offset edges, and cracks that keep returning can point to a base or drainage problem.
Clean and seal small cracks before water gets in. For larger cracks or settling, have the cause assessed before patching.
Sealing
A penetrating sealer can reduce water absorption and surface damage, but it is not a cure-all. New concrete should cure before sealing, and the surface must be clean and dry.
Avoid over-sealing. A heavy film can trap moisture and peel. Follow the manufacturer's recommendations for the product and climate.
Deicing salts
Some deicing salts can damage concrete, especially when it is new or already cracked. Use sand or a concrete-safe product, and avoid piling snow or ice against the garage or foundation.
Shovel before the snow packs down. A little prevention is easier than repairing spalling and scaling.
Drainage
Water should drain away from the house and off the slab. Pooling water can freeze, expand, and worsen cracks. Check the slope and the downspout discharge.
If the driveway slopes toward the garage, a trench drain or regrading may be needed. Fix the drainage before resurfacing.
When to call a concrete pro
- Widespread cracking, spalling, or crumbling.
- Sunken or heaved sections.
- Water pooling against the foundation.
- A driveway that is too steep or unsafe.
- Tree roots lifting the slab.
A contractor can assess the base and recommend repair, resurfacing, or replacement.
Frequently asked questions
How often should concrete be sealed?
It depends on the product, climate, and traffic. Some sealers last a few years; others need more frequent reapplication.
Can I repair a large crack myself?
Small cracks can be cleaned and sealed. Large or recurring cracks may need a professional assessment of the base and drainage.
Why does concrete spall?
Spalling can be caused by freeze-thaw cycles, deicing salts, poor finishing, or water intrusion. Repair the cause, not just the surface.
Need help now? Call (877) 471-2907 and describe the situation. The line is open 7am–10pm EST, seven days a week. For a gas leak, fire, or life-threatening emergency, call 911 first.
About this guide: This information is general and educational. It is not a substitute for an on-site assessment, a licensed professional's advice, or your local building code. Verify licensing and insurance directly with any provider you hire.