Roof Inspection Guide for Homeowners

You do not need to climb on the roof to notice many problems. Stains, granules, flashing, and attic moisture tell a story. This guide covers what to look for and when to stop investigating and call a roofer.

What you can see from the ground

Use binoculars from a safe spot. Look for missing, lifted, cracked, or curled shingles. Check the ridge line, valleys, and chimney area. Look for rust, loose nails, or sagging sections.

Check the gutters for granules, which can indicate shingle wear. Look at the fascia and soffit for water stains or peeling paint. A roof that looks wavy or soft is worth a professional inspection.

Attic clues

In the attic, look for water stains, damp sheathing, rusted nails, and daylight through the roof deck. Check for crushed or missing insulation, and look at the underside of the roof near valleys and chimneys.

A musty smell or visible mold in the attic can point to a long-term leak or poor ventilation. Do not disturb insulation or suspect materials without the right protection.

After a storm

Check for lifted or missing shingles, dented metal, damaged vents, and debris. Look for water spots on ceilings and walls. If you suspect damage, take photos before anything is repaired.

Avoid walking on a wet or damaged roof. If water is actively entering the house, place a bucket under the drip and move valuables away, then call for help.

When to call a roofer

• Active leak or water staining on ceilings or walls.
• Missing or damaged shingles after a storm.
• Rust or damage around flashing and penetrations.
• Sagging roof lines or soft spots.
• A roof approaching the end of its expected service life.

Ask the roofer to show photos of the problem and explain whether a targeted repair will last or whether replacement is more practical.

Frequently asked questions